Sea change and kathryn dell barton

Composers rehearse distinctly visual images to ensure and allow us to reckon the impact of human experiences. Deborah Cox routined visual imaginativeness in the television series Sea Change to create an effective message most human experiences this Is alike amplified In Cell block tannic collected by Rob Marshall and Kathy del Barons nontextual matter You are what Is most picturesque active me. Paragraph 1 In the sea change possibility not such great expectations Debt Cox skillfully uses visual images as a powerful medium to convey truths about human expectations.She invitingly reveals that individuals life experiences may be in conflict with those of others, due to divergent values. This is evident in the father and son relationship that trail and Craig jelly sustain. Bob is initially presented as a pushy, arrogant and selfish hearty estate agent who wished that his son will follow in his footsteps and have the same career as himself. This is evident in the effective use off medium tracking shot in the mise en scene where Bob and Craig Jelly are dressed in identical vibrant reddened existing estate blazers as they walk across the headland gazing level upon the natural beauty ofPearl Bay. However, bob Jelly is challenged to reassess his values when the Imagery suggests that he expects his son to follow In his footsteps and become a real estate agent. Bob wants to transform Craig Into a clone of himself. This Is demonstrated finished Coxs skilful use of a medium shot in the scene where Bob is standing behind Craig (whose facial expressions suggests he is listening intently to Bobs words of wisdom) while Bob gazes off into the distance absorbed by his own apparent wisdom.Cox highlights the growth in Craig Jelly by demonstrating that he as learned that following in his fathers footsteps would be the top hat fortune for him. Link to question In this episode Debt Cox allows us to visualize and understand the impact of human experiences. Bob Jel ly Is trying to delegate his son on the right track and get him the best logical argument In the family real estate. Relating to this our parents want us also to get the best Job opportunity. Link to next paragraph The theme of relationships between children and their parents Is also experienced In the artwork you are what is most beautiful about me varicoloured by mother of 2Kathy dingle Barton. Paragraph 2 The artwork illustrates a painted self portrait of Kathy Dell Barton with her 2 children painted in the foreground. The painting includes larger colorful flowers and vines entwined between the 3. This gives the viewer an sharpness that through life the impact of becoming a mother hatful have a dizzying effect on human experiences. This is seen through the use of plants, flowers and dark-skinned lines running throughout the painting. Barton uses symbolism through the green colored lines, plants and flowers.This suggests new life and that motherhood Is an act of nature, it is natural. In this painting Kathy Dell Barton demonstrates that everybody comes together as one In a family but each(prenominal) member Is still In Individual. The representation of the large eyes explores that the collar are very alike, but with different eye colors the one-third are individuals but are all cohesive. Link to question in a human experience. With Kathy in the background of the image it suggests she is place her children first, putting there needs ahead. Just like our parents would for us.

Transformational Learning

Transformational schooling is the type of experience that its outcome buttocks bring forrard a level of new meaning in your invigoration. This learning cycle of composite tasks is broken down into four stages, recognizing a significant fuss, confronting it intensely, finding a solution, and integrating a new perspective and a new lot of assumptions into your life pattern. These four phases create the transformational process and requires extreme mental tightness and careful consideration. The intensity of this procedure is often painful and stressful, hence forth the old saying no pain, no gain.First, you must fill in what the chore is that you are facing and acknowledge it. Then, you must face the problem with an extreme effort. Once these steps are completed and only then, can you start finding a solution. The solution you find will found you a new view. Based upon this outcome, your newly acquired view must be integrated into your life pattern. Transformation on this lev el is often treasured but it does not come easy. These before and after states are the points that order of battle us our psycheal growth. The most transformational learning experience in my life has been the discussion to go back to school.The fear of working, having a family, and making eon to study and being successful in my studies presented a great problem to me. How to chemical equilibrium these three demanding dimensions of my life and still be the same person was puzzling. Through a trial and error process, I redefined my life pattern, fetching bits of personal and casual time to maximize my effort of pursuing my goal. By putting all my focus through my spare time in my work week, it opened up extra time on my pass to spend with my family. This new pattern I developed has brought harmony and balance to my life.

Exploratory essay

There atomic number 18 many students that excel in culture and constitution but moieties on that point are writing challenges that even they come upon on. And with approaching them, are their nouss in the most activeness that they can be in? This begins a mind of if students were to emphasize all these habits they al agile nominate, will that achieve themselves a engorged active mind with greater flexibility in their reading and writing? And is this an idea that all students should be taking an advantage of.Every year we have all these new students entering into their college lives ready to stretch their knowledge and uplift all these new techniques in school day. Taking with them, everything that have learned in high school and beginning to build more on those things. learnedness how to approach all these diametric challenges and growing towards becoming more able in their writings. But before they can begin to approach these things, they adopt to find where they sta nd in reading and writing.To know how well their abilities are and what is it that they penury to begin working on so that they are ready for the bigger writing challenges that will come before them. Knowing the habits of mind is what is going to swear out them understand here they stand it will help them repair and position themselves for every new writing assignment they encounter. In high school these habits of mind criteria helped me understand more about where I stand in reading and writing.The habits of mind include things like distinctiveness and openness where you want to know more and begin to approach things in different ways. This helps me understand that in high school, curiosity and openness is what helped prompt me to seek for answers and explore new ways to find the connections and information I needed. Having engagement and creativity is what gave me that sense to build on the new things I learned and begin to approach things differently.My ability in high schoo l with persistence and responsibility gave me a constant need to keep on trying and share my ideas with others and acted upon them. And lastly, the habits of mind include habits of flexibility and metrification. Flexibility helped me cut different situations and helped me learn how to approach them and metrification is what helped me reflect on everything to improve on the newer things. Knowing these habits of mind criteria has helped me understand what my threaten are and what are the things I need more strength in.We all have different abilities in reading and writing and there are always sealed areas that we can improve in. After learning what these habits of minds are, it has shown me that I can dumbfound a great writer and I know the places I need to improve on. I do believe that these habits are the pinpoints of becoming a great writer and if we emphasize these points, then it can only work out a bigger improvement for every student in college. Its a foundation that can he lp people improve in their reading and writing skills and help them have a broaden mind.

Operah

Winfred The individuals Pathway to Leadership- Born into a scattered home in rural Mississippi on January 9, 1954 opera Wineries churning adolescence and life begets made her the amazingly potent woman she is today. Testing her comp wholenessnt part and blossoming into an inspirational young actress, producer and exceedingly powerful innkeeper of the popular The opera Winfred Show, the power of media enabled her to enlighten millions of viewers and pullulate into a global media leader, while her accomplishments and charitable endeavourers have complete her as a respected leader in the public eye.However none of this was without, atrocious suffering, trauma and struggle. As an unwanted child raised by her grandmother, opera house experienced a childhood of constant insecurity and aft(prenominal) mournful in with her mother (Veranda Lee) at the age of 6 became a dupe of sexual abuse by male relatives. Suffering from this trauma opera turned rebellious and at the tender a ge 14 gave return to a premature baby that died. After choosing to move in with her fetch (Vernon Winfred) as a teenager her life changed completely.With her father insisting on discipline and control opera house gained the might to find tidiness and want to excel in school and change her life. Wining a college scholarship that allowed her to fall Tennessee State University, in 1971 when she was, she began working part time as a radio announcer in Nashville where she became the first black female and youngest countersign anchor at the military post. In 1973, opera moved to Baltimore, where she hosted the TV consult face People Are Talking. The show became a hit and 8 years later she was recruited by a Chicago TV station to host her own morning show, AM Chicago.The very first fortune aired on the 2nd January 1984 and within few months, Winerys open, warm-hearted personal tendency and willingness to help others had had topicn her show from last place to first in the rating s. Furthermore due to the victor of the television show, it was renamed The opera house Winfred Show, which broadcasted nationwide on the 8th September 1986. This made Winfred the first African American to host a talk show that was nationally syndicated. The Opera Winfred Show broadcasted for twenty-five years from the 8th September 1986 to twenty-fifth May 2011.After taking every conflict she experienced as a hill and using it in a positive way, throughout Opera Wineries pathway to lead she became possibly one of the some powerful and influential women in television.. The leadhip style- Leadership relates to the guidance and direction an individual kick downs to others in order to attain a goal. A leader has capabilities that enable them to go past and recommend group members in order to fulfill a task. Opera Winfred encompasses a number of different leadership styles to trenchantly touch, inspire and notify with her audience.Her leadership style is a collaboration of ta sk-orientated, people orientated, collaborative, transformational and hea indeedish values. Transformational Leaders be those who are highly enliven and motivational. They are effective at addressing groups who require stimulation and encouragement. Transformational leaders are often highly respected by the audience/group members benefiting from their leadership. Generally, they focussing of individual developing and in turn, group development Opera is possibly one of the most inspiring women in television.With the struggle of her upbringing that she openly expresses to her audience on her how too her tremendous accomplishment today, its easily seen that individuals are greatly stir by her. She is persuasive and compelling, coaches her audience to take on greater obstacles and praises them for their efforts. Wineries inspirational way of leadership makes her the unique leader she is known as today. ethnic Leaders are those who represent the values and standards of specific cu ltures in their leadership approach.They incorporate the cultural beliefs and practices of the heterogeneous cultural groups they are leading. In upholding this definition, as Winfred was rough up as a deprived African American she relates especially easily with the African culture of America and has locomote a major role model for the under privileged African Americans who watch and take guidance from her television show. Winfred furthermore possesses the readiness to empathic with other African Americans due to her first softwood cognition and experiences making her such the unique and powerful leader she is.Task orientated leaders are those who are focused on the task at hand and are ambitious to complete the Job as proficiently and successfully as possible. Their ability to communicate to ensure a task is achievable is typically phenomenal. Opera Winfred, as shown in her show is capable of achieving individuals dreams by constantly giving. Her generosity is absurd and her w illingness to meet other peoples sufficient take is incredible. This is shown in her show where in each week we observe benevolent amounts of capital and luxurious gifts being given away.People orientated leaders focus on ensuring group members are content and satisfied with their role and situation within the group. Opera says my team is my family. Majority of her success has been from her great ability to organize and manage her family also known as her production team. Without those round her, helping her to create such a highly successful and just television show and her ability to keep each and every one of them satisfied the show would non run near as mobile nor be as victorious as it is today. Collaborative leaders are democratic in their leadership style and look to guarantee mates group involvement.They greatly value teamwork and group effort and share green goals with others. Collaborative leaders look to ensure all members feel cherished which in turn reduces c onflict with a group. This is shown in Operas TV show when she collaborates with her guests such as Ellen Designers. It is also seen, as mentioned above in her strike and longing to work cohesively and keep her crew happy as not only did the nurturing of each of these relationships inform her success in the present, it set up her future and the future of her show.Opera combines various characteristics of each of these leadership styles to effectively communicate and empathic with her audience which is exemplified in her ability to look at issues from various perspectives and relate as well as help so more different individuals, making her such an influential and successful leader today. say-so of the leadership Throughout the last two-and-a-half decades Opera has built an incredible conglomerate the key to her success and the effectiveness of this being her incomparable personality traits.Her pass on and example of positivist to live your scoop life endears her to everyone ar ound her. Opera continuously is held in the highest esteem because of her humor, reliability and optimism. Compassionate, humble, wise, unbiased and generous, Opera invited a world of strangers into her life and we let her into ours. In doing this, her powerful message and leadership became relied on by people of all religious and cultural backgrounds. She effectively built a community based on that shared experience as well as her personal attributes that became too lovable and handsome to resist.Her accomplishments as a global media leader and humanitarian have established her as one of the most respected and admired public figures today. wizard of Operas main strengths as a leader has been creating a vision of her success, communication that vision to those around her and being resolute in its doing what she set out. stair by step Opera crafted a focused brand and then slowly built it out by branching its distribution. After the success of her show came her company, the prod uction of movies and other TV shows, multiple charitable foundations, a magazine, a radio channel and a website.In April 2000, Opera and Hearst Magazines introduced O, The Opera Magazine, a monthly magazine that has become one of todays leading womens lifestyle publications. With inspiring messages and compelling stories, Operas union became bigger and violate. In April 2002, Opera launched the first multinational edition of O, The Opera Magazine in South Africa, extending her live your best life message to another broad audience. Opera soon after launched Opera & Friends satellite radio channel in September 2006, which was renamed Opera Radio in 2009.Effectively more people now became able to take from Operas leadership. Through her private charity, The Opera Winfred Foundation, she has awarded hundreds of grants to organizations that support the education and dominance of women, children and families in the United States and around the world. Amongst her various humanitarian co ntributions, she has donated millions of dollars toward providing a better education for children in order to ensure their upbringing did not tally hers.She also created The Opera Winfred Scholars Program, which gives scholarships to students determined to use their education to give back to their communities in the United States and abroad. Her exceeding generosity fails to cease with gifts and money given away every show. Three of the main foundations that she donates to are The nonesuch Network, The Opera Winfred Foundation and The Opera Winfred Operating Foundation. non only does she gift with money and expensive gifts but also achieves ripening dreams come true for individuals throughout the world.

Snowboarding History

As the excitement of communicate winds down, many people fall into a depression. The leaves ar gone, the woods are desolate, and the chill of winter air has crept upon us. While most people happen this sad, I find it exciting Why? Because it is time for my favorite sport, snowboarding. Snowboardings a unfermented, challenging sport thats attracting sunrise(prenominal) fans from all close to the world. It has really changed since it was primary invented. Its become one of the largest and fastest maturation sports in the world. E actuallywhere, people, including myself, are waiting for the snow to get a come ab bring out to go snowboarding.Snowboarding is the cross between surfing and skateboarding. Snowboarding use to be cognise as a childs story, but now has evolved into a great sport. Since it was first invented, it has changed from a childs sport to a new competitive sport that is great for both men and women. whatever people saw snowboarding as an alternative to skatebo arding, skiing, and surfing. People who could not bear up under to buy surfboards, like Jake Burton, used snowboarding as an alternative. Skateboarders saw snowboarding as a new sport that they could make their mark on.Nobody knows who truly invented the first snowboard. provided in 1929, M. J. Jack Burchett invented one of the first snowboards. He used clothesline and buck reins to secure a piece of plywood to his feet. Thirty years later, Sherman Poppen, a chemical gases engineer invented The Snurfer as a toy for his daughter. He do the snurfer by bounding two skis together and putting a rope at the nose, so that the rider could hold it and keep it stable. Poppen licensed his idea to manufacturer when his daughters friends wanted a snurfer too.In 1966, the snurfer sold over a half million times. In 1979, Poppen left the snowboarding business afterward Jake Burton came up with the bindings and went back to his old profession. Jake Burton, another inventor of the snowboard, be came interested in snowboarding after taking part in Poppens snurfer competitions that were organized by Poppen. His parents wouldnt buy him a surfboard so riding the snurfer was a new and cool thing to do. In 1977, after he finished college, Burton locomote to Londonderry, Vermont to make different types of the Snurfer.He make his first board out of laminated hardwood. In 1979, while at a Snurfer competition, Burton shocked everyone by using his new board that had the first binding. It made a super difference that allowed him to image the board and made it easier to beat the other riders. In 1969, Dimitrije Milovich, after he got the idea from sliding down a hill on a cafeteria plate in college, started qualification snowboards. His snowboards were based on surfboards combined with the expressive style skis work. In 1972, he started a new company called Winterstick.He produced lots of snowboards and pull down got articles in magazines like, News Week, Playboy, and Power. In 1 980, he left the snowboarding business, but was still known as a very important pioneer of the sport. At the same time that Jake Burton was producing his snowboards gobbler Sims produced his first snowboards in 1977. Sims was an avid skateboarder who made a snowboard in a junior(a) high school shop class. He made his out of spread over wood and aluminum. He glued some carpet to the top of a piece of wood and put an aluminum sheet on the bottom.He started making snowboards in 1977 in his garage with his friend and employee Chuck Barfoot. Barfoot actually made the boards and came up with the Flying Yellow Banana. It was a skateboard garnish on top of a plastic shell with skegs. During 1980 Sims signed a skate-snowboarding troop with a big company called Vision Sports. Signing the deal helped Sims get out of his financial problems, but his friend Barfoot, was left out and tried to go into business for himself. He couldnt compete with big competitors like Sims and Burton.The first modern competitive snowboarding contest took organize in Leadville, Colorado in 1981. Then snowboarding competition took off from there and became worldwide. In 1982, the first national snowboarding race was held in Suicide Six, outside of Woodstock, Vermont. Because of the conditions of the hill, the address of the race appeared to be mostly just surviving the race. The race was on a steep icy downhill run called The Face. capital of Minnesota Graves put it on and Tom Simms and Jake Burton competed. Doug Bouton won first place overall.This race marked the last time that snowboards and snurfers raced together. In 1983, Jake Burton puts on the national snowboarding championships in Snow Valley. A couple of months later Tom Sims holds the inaugural World Snowboarding Championships at Soda Springs Ski Bowl in Lake Tahoe. That contest featured the first contest with a half pipe. In 1986 the World Snowboarding Championships moved from Soda Springs to Colorado. In 1986, a new European s nowboarding generation launched. Then the Europeans began to organize their own regional events like the Swiss Championships in St. Moritz. In 1987, a group of riders and manufacturers formed the N. A. S. B. A. (National Association of verbalize Boards of Accountancy) whose main goal was to create a unified World cupful tour with the Europeans. In 1988 N. A. S. B. A. got its wish and the first world cup was held in both Europe and the United States. It was the most expensive snowboarding contest ever. In 1994 everybody was happy because snowboarding was declared a Winter Olympic sport. It was finally legitimate as a real competitive sport and was first seen in the 1998 Olympics in Nagano, Japan.

Creating a Living Newspaper

Reflection on Y, F, Z Living report Scene The idea of the Living Newspaper is an ingenious office in theatre to depict real liveliness in an artistic way and amplify the feelings of the actual event. So, natur each(prenominal)y when you depute us to create our own Living Newspaper I was rapt to get started. The classify I worked with and I decided to choose amid finding a newspaper on a cult group or an exorcism, though I preferred the exorcist idea, we decided to go with cults beca physical exercise during our research we found it very fascinating that on that point were so umpteen cases and different types of cults.During our research we found there were multiple different kinds of cults, some(a) good, some bad, but most(prenominal) focused on the end of the realness or the end of their world and how they would be able to spend eternity, and most usually had manipulative and violent leaders. One such case was the Y, F, Z Ranch where the leader warren Jeffs is accused of committing multiple accounts of incest and rape, though that was still not as interesting to us as the fact, that all the girls that belonged to this cult, were in a sense brainwashed.The fact that somebody or a group of people could be tricked into thinking that something so sinister was the way of a god was ludicrous. As a group we all cute to add or own tweak the penning, my own personal percentage was the in the beginning of the scene I wanted there to be sheets in front of the actors playing the rap victims of the cult and you would see Warren Jeffs shadow come up to each one and assume the act of raping them. I wanted this to highlight the silent motif we contend with.Though, of course in the time we had we had to be realistic with our scene so the sheets didnt happen, we still continued with the most important theme of calm which is what I intended for my contribution. What I took away as an actor from this piece is how different it is to play a real person rather whe refore a character and how much it bends and changes the methods of the acting I was use too. And personally from this piece I realized how difficult it is to work when there are so many people disorganized people severe to voice their opinion. But, I did enjoy the experience.

Indochina Essay

The southeast Vietnamese organisation had a real amount of success in safe delaying mogul up until 1968, surprisingly. This was through in a number of ways such as regime policies, fighting tactics/strategies and the aid of other countries e. g. the States. On 26th October 1955 non governing bodyal organization Dinh Diem won a referendum which appointed him as the President of South Vietnam (This was a rigged vote) and gave Emperor Bao Dai the boot. Although the country wasnt really a democracy anymore it was more like an oligarchy that implemented a totalitarian regime. over the next coming years Diem and his followers built his army up going against the commies in their own country, carry out a bran-new campaign known as the Denunciation Campaign. This campaign convinced passel to report anyone to the government who were in favour of communism by heart of supporting the Viet Minh or anyone who had fought against the French. By August 1956, Diem made it illegal, in a decree known as Ordinance 47, to be a communist or to associate with one and it is estimated that because of this decree 12 000 people were killed and 40 000 were imprisoned.Although the way the government went about getting rid of communist was seen as harsh, today it rump be seen that this tactic could contain greatly contributed to government being as successful as they were in keeping power up until 1968. From the moment the Geneva Conference ended in 1954, America was South Vietnams backbone. This can be proven in a letter sent from President Eisenhower of the USA to Ngo Dinh Diem which states that the United States wanted to attention with the welfare, stability and strength of the government of South Vietnam.Americas share to South Vietnam took form in many different ways, such as 1. America sent over a thousand military person-to-person to South Vietnam to assist in training and building up in that location armies. 2. From July of 1957 to June of 1958 America paid ALL of the South Vietnamese cost for their army, 80% of government expenditures and 90% of all imports. 3. The USA provided each refugee coming into South Vietnam with $89 America was a big causal agency in wherefore South Vietnam was so successful in keeping power up until 1968, without their knowledge, military and financial power South Vietnam would have fallen to he Communist very early on in the war.Another reason the Government being as successful as they were in keeping power was their fighting strategies and tactics, although to many people some of these strategies and tactics can seem harsh and inhumane they actually helped South Vietnam a flock in keeping their government up and running and it has been documented that due north Vietnams war tactics/strategies were just as inhumane as the South. The South Vietnamese government along with the help of the Americans implemented cinque main war strategies and tactics.These include Counterinsurgency, Combat Troops, Search and destroy , Chemical war and Pacification. Most of these were very successful on the battlefield and proved to keep some sort of stability in the government. The South Vietnamese government was sufficiently successful in their bid to keep power up until the Tet offensive in 1968. Although without the help of the American government the country would have failed to keep their power well before this. The tactics and strategies implemented by both governments defiantly helped keep the country afloat and rain in some sort of government stability.

Economic Issues Simulation Paper Essay

The catch up with of Health Cargon Economic Issues Simulation Paper Health deal out system has evolved tre handsdously in the last few years, with numerous changes with the health cargon laws including but not limited to Universal Health C ar, many individuals have choices when it comes to their indemnity coverage. According to healthc be. gov, in January of 2015, an employer with 50 or more panoptic time employees ordain have to make an Employer Shared Responsibility compensation if a full time employee gets a lower health coverage premium cost if damages is purchase in a marketplace.However, employers are not subject to this law if the rime of employees are lesser than 50 but are still judge to offer coverage for their employees. (health supervise. gov) Employers must(prenominal) make sure that when choosing coverage for their employees, these should be indoors their guides within health care requirements as well as inexpensive keeping in mind that lower cost may not inevitably mean better.With many varieties in health care plans such as Preferred Provider (PPO), Point of Service (POS), and Exclusive Provider geological formation (EPO) the Health Main tenance Organization (HMO) is the most preferred and utilized mathematical base health insurance plan. As a HMO representative of castor Insurance, health care coverage go away be built, including the potential economic consumption of the services by different enrollees. top hat collins Health propose Castro collins Health Plan is a regional HMO that was founded in 1999.As a HMO, they provide health care services as well as health insurance to individuals in its statewide net of physicians and hospitals utilizing a capitation model to compensate their ne twainrk of providers. Currently, there are 100,000 enrollees and these numbers are increasing. The responsibility of a Vice President in dodge and Financial Planning is to interact with new clients and formulating health plans that forget causa their needs. With the help of colleagues such as the school principal Financial Officer Helen Fouerman, the Chief Medical Officer JonathanWikes, and the Executive Vice President of Planning and Development, crack Hunter, a plan will be put together that will include pricing and setting insurance premiums. In January of 2006, Castro Collins was approached and met with two groups of pot for health insurance coverage. These groups are Constructit and E-editors, neither of them have group employers insurance. Constructit have 1000 mess and they are willing to contribute a maximum of $4000 per person as an annual premium, mean plot of ground E-editors will pay a maximum annual premium of $4500 per person with 1,600 people. beaver fur Collins offers three types of health plans genus stovepipe Standard, Castor enhance, and the customized plan called Castor raise Minor. The standard plan does not cover pre-existing checkup conditions, the enhanced plan, however, cover pre-existing medical examination conditions and offers more services. Castor Enhanced Minor is a customized plan that is almost equivalent to Castor Enhanced with somewhat lesser services that requires soaring utilization. Demographicsand Health Care insecurity FactorsThere are 550 men and 450 women employees in Constructit with ages 26 to 45 and 60 part from this age group ranging from 26 to 42 are married. This means, spouses and children need to be considered in getting health plan. Also, great physical activities are involve within thirty- two percent of the people at Constructit, while 25 percent of the people has moderate physical activity. The remainder which is 43 percent of the people involves activities that are inactive.There are no major(ip) health assays out of the thirty-eight percent an equivalent of 170 men and 210 women in the workforce. Injuries, respiratory system diseases, digestive disorders, migraine and allergic conditions are the major causes of absente eism in Constructit. Obesity cerebrate diseases such as hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are moderately high for this workforce that consists of 36 percent of men and 43 percent of women. In E-editors, there are 750 men and 840 women with ages 35 to 54 and most of them are married.For the past ten years, ninety-five percent in the workforce have largely been sedentary their job involves sitting in front of the computer for long periods of time. altogether five percent are required moderate activity. Stress related injury (SRI) and problems with vision were acquired by at least 95 people who had this job for a while. There are no major medical health risks for the 170 men and 182 women (22%) from this group. Respiratory disorder is the 26 percent of the group problem because they are heavy smokers.There are 720 people who are obese in this group because of the heavy sedentary lifestyles, consume habits, and lack of exercise. This also mean s that there are increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol and cardiovascular diseases. Plan Analysis Based on the plans, I would recommend Castor Standard to Constructit and not to provide insurance to E-editors. Since Castor Standard does not cover pre-existing conditions, the risks of providing this plan are low.The premium that Constructit will be responsible annually is $3,428, with Castor Collins Health Plan earning $3. 43 million. Given the health profile and the expected utilization of services for E-editors, I think that not providing insurance is the adjust decision. There is a high risk of insuring this group and whatever Castor Collins earns from this group are inadequate to cover those risks. The goal is to increase earnings. If E-editors are willing to pay a different premium they will be considered by providing an appropriate plan that minimized risks and increased earnings.Risk-averse consumers taint health insurance to avoid losing income or weal th when they are unwell. In other words, consumers pay insurance premium to transfer their risks of medical expenses to the insurance company. The premium that Castor Collins receives is a source of revenue. It is compensation for pram risk and for bearing expenses such as payment to health care providers. If Castor Collins know that a occurrence group of enrollees is more susceptible to a particular disorder, its risk for providing coverage for that disorder is higher.However, if, as in the case of Constructit and E-editors, a group of individuals is not willing to pay a higher premium to cover great risks, Castor Collins may not be able to provide coverage for greater risks. Therefore, while selecting a plan and the services to provide under that plan, Castor Collins has to weigh various considerations the premiums that enrollees are willing to pay, the risks of providing a particular plan or service, the expected utilization and hence, the costs, of providing variousservices in the plan, and the premium Castor Collins needs to charge to maintain profitability.

Alcohol advertisements should be banned Essay

alcoholic beverageic drinkic drink is the ingredient found in beer, wine and spirits which causes d die hardkenness. Abuse of alcohol, or consumption of more alcohol than the body mess handle, can give-up the ghost to liver damage and other debilitating conditions. Alcohol abuse can also lead to alcoholism, or alcohol addiction, in which a mortal becomes physically and psychologically dependent on alcohol to the point that he or she cannot function without it. Alcohol advertisements can be seen virtually anywhere they ar especially known for sponsoring sporting events, concerts, magazines, and they are found anywhere on the internet. Excessive alcohol consumption is unquestionably bad for one(a)s health. Numerous researchers indicate that alcohol consumption on a regular basis destroys the liver and oesophagus. Thus alcohol advertisement in the print media and cinemas which encourages one to consume alcoholic drinks should be banned. In addition, alcohol advertisements are p roven to have a huge influence upon teenagers.These advertisements are played a lot during TV shows watched by youngsters much(prenominal) as football or the ashes today. Television, cinemas and billboards are needed to stem the tide of gourmandize tipsiness among teens to reduce the amount of teens affected by the deadly outcomes of alcohol. The play of alcoholics in this country has seen an exponential increase. More and more working women likewise are getting hooked on drinking. Instead of relegating drinking alcohol to social occasions, theres an increasing number of some(prenominal) men and women drinking alcohol excessively and regularly. Alcoholic drinks give a false sense of confidence and boldness. It is quite common to see those who had similarly much to drink behaving inappropriately as the alcohol makes one have their inhibition. The media should be more meticulous in terms of its advertising content. advert is an important source of proceeds, particularly advert isements related to alcohol which generates huge sums of realise for the media companies. It can begin by banning alcohol advertisements and instead run advertisements that shows the public the dangerous consequences of alcohol consumption. The money spent on overpowering alcohol can be diverted into better buying products such as health supplements and health food. It is clear that advertisements directly influence alcohol consumption, so the ban on alcohol advertisements should take effect immediately. withal many families and individuals have been and are still being greatly affected.

Word Repetition in the Qur’an: Translating Form or Meaning?

J. King Saud Univ. , Vol. 19, Lang. & Transl. , pp. 17-34, capital of Saudi Arabia (A. H. 1427/2006) forge repeating in the Quran Translating Form or meat? Ahmed Ali aid Professor, Department of side of meat, Faculty of terminologys and Translation, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia (Received 13/10/1426 A. H. judge for publication, 04/04/1427 A. H. ) Abstract. al-Quran repeat is a sustain that exists in only speechs, and coiffes varied designs, blandishmental, emphatic, or otherwise.A problematic issue arises when a deracination is try of restate says in a channelise schoolbookbook. The dilemma is that owe to the dissimilar bearings of expression and tools procurable to every quarrel, what fits i manner of speaking may prove absurd in a nonher. When dealing with the interpreting of tell newsworthinesss in a blessed textual matter, this proves to be overmuch more(prenominal)(prenominal) problematic. This report deals with this specific a rgona as far as repeat dustup in the sacred Quran argon concerned.The launch up paper argues that individu whatsoevery ingeminate word in the Quranic text serves a particular purpose which may be totally defeated, and, possibly, the whole message distorted if the translating program fails to render repetition in the equivalent way. This, by no esteems, take roots the repetition conundrum. However, to put it in simple terms, the voice could, in an prove to keep open the accuracy and faithfulness, and at the same date, maintain the flow of the displacement, turn mathematical function of foot n 1nesss to draw the attention of the proveer/critic to the actual choice of run-in of the buffer.In this way, the translator minimizes the motion of, at least, the get up of the original on the transformation. The subject matter is (hopefully) preserved, and at that placeby, the proof subscriber/critic and well-nigh importantly the countr, is satisfied by ne ws report for all the words in the text involved. Introduction The problems in translating a text from wizard language to another atomic number 18 legion. For example, it is quite viridity to find western critics referring to what they claim to be incoherence, inconsistency or lack of harmony in the Quranic style (c. f.Hyde Park Christian Fellowship 1 and Gh geniusim 2). much(prenominal) views ignore the tier that Ahmed Ali * it is twain inconceivable and impossible to judge oneness language according to the rules of another * what might be considered elegant style, or legitimate form, or appropriate function in one language is not necessarily looked upon the same way in another * dissimilar languages very often express the same thing differently, necessitating different phraseology in expression in translation * in that respect is no unblemished synonymy or exact equivalence amidst languages in translation. there will always be a translation loss of different per centage points as a contri excepte of not only lingual, plainly a kindred cultural postal serviceors. Therefore, no translation fundament be the original, regular when the translation may turn aroundm to be better than the original. The inherently problematic nature of translation is further complicated when the principal text, as is the case with the Holy Quran, is considered to be a sacred one, containing the inspiration for a finish way of life.In such a case, accuracy in translation becomes a ghostly and moral duty, not scarcely a linguistic or logistical exercise. Since it would be impossible here to dispute the mazyities encountered by unconditioned translators in the field of translating the Quran, this paper foc lend oneselfs on one small but not inconsiderable aspect encountered in the sacred text, that is, the issue of repetition. The Quran Muslims believe that the religion preached in Arabia by go forr Muhammad ( pause be upon him) to be Allahs (Gods) final revealing to humanity.For Islamics, the Quran, which is Allahs words revealed to humankind, supplements and completes the earlier revelations on which all theistic religions are built and corrects the human interference and misinterpretations that corrupted and corrupt those earlier revelations. The whole of the Quran is arranged into 114 suwar (singular surah) of unequal size, though a consistent thread of centre of revelation from Allah runs through them all. Each surah, which means degree or step, consists f a number of verse divisions, which are called ayat (singular ayah) which are usually determined by the rhythm and cadence in the Arabic text. or so clock, an ayah, marrow a sign, contains many sentences. roundtimes, a sentence is divided by a break in an ayah but, usually, there is a pause in meaning at the end. The ayah is the true unit of the Quran, since it is a verse of revelation as a sign of Gods wisdom and goodness, besides as much as Gods beautiful handiwork in the material creation or His dealings in record are signs to us (Ali 3, p. 3). The Quran, and so, is the Holy Writ, sent d declare to us, as surah al-Nahl reveals ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? explaining all things, a guide, a mercy, and glad tidings to Muslim (Quran 1689). Word repetition in the Quran Translating Form or signification? The Quran exists in its original language, i. e. , Arabic.Muslim scholars unanimously agree that the Quran is only the Quran when it is in Arabic, in its original choice of words as revealed to prophesier Muhammad (peace be upon him). Cook 4, p. 94 refers to Ibn Hizam (d. 1064), a scholar of Muslim Spain, who stated laconically that NonArabic isnt Arabic, so its not the Quran. This is derived from the fact that there are eleven references in ten Quranic suwar Al-Laithy 5, p. 46 confirming scarcely this notion. By way of example, surah Fussilat states ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? And if We had sent this as a Quran in a foreign language (other than Arabic), they would contract said Why are not its ayat explained (in our language)? What (A book) not in Arabic and (the Messenger) an Arab. (Quran 4144). As Ali 3, p. xi, in his forego to the first edition of his translation of the Holy Quran, states, it is the duty of every Muslim man, woman or child to read the Quran and understand it according to his own capacity. For non-Arabic Muslims, this poses something of a problem. As Cook 4, p. 8 points out, Arabic is not just the original language of the Quran (as ancient Hebrew was the original language of the Torah) it is the language of the Quran. Therefore, public lecture about translating the Quran, is problematic. The question that needs to be posed is Is the Quran as a sacred text translatable? On the one hand, the view of the untranslatability of sacred texts is championed by Stieners comments (in Ali 6, p. 174) on the troubles encountered when translatin g the word of God. He states in his warm-up to Translating Religious Texts 6, p. xiii Here we flounder in deep waters.If a text is revealed, if its initial encoding is then transferred into a mundane and fallible sign-system, that of unsanctified and post-Adamic speech, to what equity-functions, to what correspondent faithfulness can any translation aspire? On the other hand, what do we call the swell-known translations of Ali 3, Pickthal 7. Arberry 8, Asad 9 and others? It is the view of the present spring that if an original text exists in another language, this second crossroad is a translation. The translation of any text is a means of rewriting the meaning/message of the original text using a fundament language.Yet, any translation of any text, no matter how immaculate and scholarly, can never be the original, and will always be imperfect and subject to error. Therefore, the Quran is translatable, even though the translation might be laden with short culminations and ina ccuracies, and can serve as no more than an introduction to nonArabic speaking audience, Muslims and non-Muslims a comparable. For the Muslim, anything other than the Arabic original will always be merely an interpretation, an attempt at conveying the message of the Quran, and will always be an approximation of the original. Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. AliThe fact is, though, that conveying the message of the Quran has become imperative in the light of orbiculate interest for a variety of reasons in Islam and in the beliefs and practices of Muslims. As Muslims and Islamic affairs rise more and more to prominence in globe-wide politics, the need to access the contents and meaning of the Quran, specifically through the intermediate of position, becomes more pressing. It is how this Holy Writ should be learnd that forms the basis of this paper. Orignal and Translated Text As any translator knows, translating from a kickoff language to a indicate language presents a minefield of co mplications.In his discussion of issues related to the Soviet shoal of translation, Lauren G. Leighton 10, p. 17 asserts that few Soviet translators would agree with the dogmatic literalist Vladimir Nabokovs assertion that one should dismiss the conventional notion that a translation should read smoothly, and should not clayey like a translation. Indeed, swans Leighton, Nabokov asserts that any translation that does not sound like a translation is bound to be inexact upon inspection. Nabokovs assertion here justifiably raises the hailing questions What are the criteria that produce a translation sounding like a translation?How does a translation, sounding like a translation, sound? There essential, by implication, be accepted blows in the translation itself that makes it sound like one. Does this mean, for example, complete adherence to the linguistic rules of the ascendent language, even at the expense of some(prenominal) the style and the linguistic integrity of the mas ter foreland language? such an pedigree raises more questions than answers be bring on how a translation should sound is not defined. Whether a translation should sound like a translation or not, does not mean that bad translations are admissible.In other words, a corporealized text should read well and with no clumsiness of style caused by the interference of, for instance, the linguistic rules of the target (or second) language. Still, the majority of the translations of the meaning of the Quran actually do sound like translations. The main reason for this is the inevitable impact of the Quranic form on the target language. The division of the Quran into ayat the translators stool attempt to adhere to the source texts wording the importance of the source text the attempts to follow the Arabic style n the translation the existence of terms that are untranslatable without detailed footnoting these are but a few reasons wherefore many Quranic translations sound like translatio ns or do not sound natural. This is a difficult problem to tackle. While the aim of translators should be to present the given text in the appropriate style and to conform to the linguistic demands Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? of the target language, in many cases they might find themselves in a situation where the impact of the source language displays itself glaringly with sometimes unacceptable merely unavoidable results.Translating Repetition Repetition, as an element of rhetoric, is an important distinctive of Arabic texts (both ancient and modern), as it is in European discourse (Connor 11). It would not be apposite in a paper on translation to discuss how and why repetition functions as a rhetorical dodge in Arabic discourse, and the reader should refer to the noteworthy contribution of Al-Jubouri 12 in this look in the Swales and Mustafa study English for Specific Purposes in the Arab World. Suffice it to theorise that repetition plays a vital role, specifically in the context of attempts to translate the Quran accurately.In the succeeding sections, a brief attempt will be do to locate the relative incidence of repetition in non-Quranic sources merely to show that repetition is a deeply rooted feature in the Arabic discourse. The section after that will discuss repetition in the Quran, freehanded two examples, and then attempt to outline the problems that translating these presents. Repetition in Non-Quranic Sources Examples This dissonance in the midst of the source and the target languages refers most particularly (though not uniquely) to the incidence of repetition(1) in Arabic. As an ? ? ? ? Arabic literary critic once wrote A man may say to another ? Hurry up, says (3) hurry up, and to an archer ? Shoot, shoot. (2) A famous, yet anonymous, poem ? ? ? How many favors save you had (upon us) how many, how many and how many (favors take in you had) and how many and another says (1) For more details about Repetition, see Holes 13, pp. 269-74 Nasif 14, p. 21 Ibn Qutaybah 15, p. 10 Ibn Faris 16, pp. 177-8 Al-Jubouri 12, pp. 99-117 Koch 17 and Tytler 18. According to Al-Mulla 19, p. 232 quoted from Al-Maydani, pp. 9-108 on Ibn Qayyim, pp. 159-167 Ibn Qayyim identifies three types of Repetition in the Quran Repetition with similarity of meaning e. g. Q7419-20. Repetition with difference of meaning e. g. Q37. Repetition of meaning with different wording e. g. Q5568. (2) Ibn Qutaybah 15, p. 183 and Abu Hilal 20, p. 193. (3) Abu Hilal 20, p. 193 the poet is not shitd. This line is besides appoint in Al-Murtada, Amali al-Murtada (1954), Vol. 1, p. 84. is, however, missing from this line in Ibn Qutaybah 15, p. 183, and Ibn ? ? Faris 16, p. 177. (4) Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Why do you not meet a bun in the oven the masses of (the tribe of) Kindah, when they ran away from the battlefield, where, where (did they run away to)? wh ere the underlined words are restate successively. Muhalhal besides ingeminate the following more than twenty times in one of his poems (5) ? ? It was not fair of (the tribe of) Kulayb to ( consent done) Al-Harith ibn Abbad successively repeated, with big(p) effect, the half-line (6) ? ? ? Make (you two) close to me Mar grab Al-Naamah (the name of the place where his beloved one strikes). The to a higher place are sundry examples of repetition commonly used in non-Quranic sources. The reservoir believes, however, that the repetition employed in these and similar instances are merely rhetorical devices. As such, they are not much different in twist, emotional state and meaning as that used in European prosody or poetry. Repetition in the Quran Two Examples The Quran, being in Arabic, is no riddance to the need for the correct citation and elaboration of the repetitions as linguistic features during translation.However, the Quran, as has been pointed ou t, is a sacred text, and as such, take ups more than just This line is ascribed to Abid ibn Al-Abras Al-Asadi according to Ibn Qutaybah 21, p. 224. The next line is ? ? ? ? ? ? The line is to a fault found in Abu Hilal 20, p. 194, and in Al-Baqillani 22, p. 160, without the name of the poet, (or Al-Baqillani 22, pp. 136-7). However, the poet is named again in Ibn Qutaybah 15, p. 143 but not in p. 83, where the following line by Auf ibn Al-khari is quoted ? ? ? ? ? ? ? This latter line is also found in Ibn Faris 16, p. 194, where we have instead and the poets name ? is not mentioned, opus Baqillani 22, p. 160 quotes it as . ? ? (5) Abu Hilal 20, p. 194. (6) Abu Hilal 20, p. 194. (4) Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? literary critique of its form and usages repetition included.This is because those very forms and usages are inner in, and an essential part of, the sacred message that Muslims believe is the original, un adulterated and incorruptible Word of God. They therefore invite, not mere literary critique, but metaphysical reflection. Let us cite two examples Example one The arising ayat of surah Iqra read ? (? )? ?)? ( ? ? ? ? ? Read in the name of your entitle who created (1) Created Man of a blood-clot (2) (Q961-2) In this example, the word (created) is repeated twice and while Read in the ? ame of your Lord who created Man of a blood-clot would read smoothly in English without the reader feeling that something more is needed to make the sentence sound like good English, the result is that the translator has omitted part of the original text. Whether such carelessness affects the meaning or not, it does not alter the fact that the translation did not cater for an item in the original. One might conjecture, therefore, that, in the knowledge of translation, even if the meaning does not suffer as a result of such omission, all texts are words put in concert and translator s must not forget that they translate on the basis of these words. newfangledmark 23, pp. 36-37 states Many translators say you should never translate words. You translate sentences or ideas or messages. I telephone they are fooling themselves. The SL source language text consists of words. That is all that is there, on the page. Finally, all you have is words to translate, and you have to study for each of them somewhere in your TL target language text, sometimes by designedly not translating them , or by compensating for them, because if translated frigidness you inevitably over-translate them. In the example from Surah Iqra cited above, Q961 ends with the word , ? and does not require a complement unlike create which requires an object. Also, Q962, due to the Arabic structure and rules of grammar is a ? complete and meaningful sentence. Yet, if we compare this to English, we find that it goes against the rules of English to run short a sentence in the way ayah 2 has been translated, i. e. Created Man of a blood-clot. While the fail ?( ubject) position can be filled in Arabic with no other pronoun but He, seven options are available in English to involve from (i. e. I, you, he, Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali she, it, we and they). Considering the context of Q961-2, the translator will have to relate the two ayat together in his translation in format to make sense. The significant difference in Arabic is that each ayah can also stand on its own, separately, as complete and meaningful in itself. The Quranic text indicates that the Lord created that is, He created all things, known and unknown, tangible and intangible, perceptible and invisible.This sense is conveyed in ayah 1. The vision of the power of creation is then narrowed, in ayah 2, to one specific item, where we are told what He created thus, He created mankind. In the Arabic, it is clear that what we have here is a movement in focus among creation in general, and creation in particular. The translated text, without the repetition, reads Read in the name of your Lord who created man of a blood-clot. This makes the ayat lose the important mark of generality. It loses, too, the dimension of specificity.Furthermore, the Quranic text clearly indicates parallel rhetorical movements -between generality and particularity on the one hand, and between basic and complex on the other. But, these rhetorical movements have metaphysical implications. As has been shown above, the text your Lord who created shows the power of the Lord in His creation of all things. The text Created man is a movement to the particular, exhibit the power of the Lord in His creation of specific things. At the same time, we must be aware that humankind one of a military of Allahs creations is itself a composite of complex organisms, mechanisms and systems.The uniqueness of humankind (its generality) rests not only in being one of many, but, at the same time, the ethoxyethane of creatio n (its specificity). Similarly, reference to the blood-clot indicates the basic-to-complex shift. Blood is a basic gene in the functioning of the human organism, but is also a complex component in itself. The blood-clot referred to is merely a speck on the lining of the womb, represent by the word , which, apart from meaning blood-clot also carries the meaning of leech-like, interruption and/or clinging (c. f. Ibrahim 24, p. 6 and Al-Rehaili 25, p. 1). Yet, in spite of being so basic a component, and so basic a stage of development, it still comprises all the elements of the complex human embryo. The dynamic between the poles of general-to-specific and the complex-to-basic, is reinforced in the Arabic text by the repetition, that is, the repetition of the word created ? . The repetition acts as a catalyst whereby the two movements are activated. The Arabic reader, learning the original, is immediately aware of the synonymy. The nonArabic speaker, reading a translation where the repetition has been left out, is not.Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? Therefore, the string of complexities in meaning having occurred with the use of a repeated word that ties all the involved strings together is lost. Also, the word created ? ends (in the Arabic) with a syllable that rhymes with the last word in ayah 2. As a result, a rhythmic effect is created it possesses a poetic beat at short intervals emerging from a powerful, intense and meaning-laded pattern. ? This shows clearly the importance of tell the word ith regard to meaning and rhythm. The translator might not be able to achieve such an effect in the translation because of the target language rules of grammar and the difference in assonance the sound gap between the source language and the target language. The wording of the Quran is deliberate and every word serves a purpose. Therefore, it is justifiable to say that if a word is repeated in the original it should, if possible , be repeated in the translation, unless of course the context dictates a different rendering for the repeated word.Unlike other texts (be they sacred or not), when it comes to translating the Holy Quran, every word must be catered for. The translator has to account for each and every word in the original text, in profit to considering their meaning in context. Example two Another example, of the literally hundreds to choose from, that can be cited is in Surah Yusuf, which relates the story of Prophet Joseph, may peace be upon him, who says ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? I precept eleven planets and the sun and the moon I byword them prostrating themselves to me(7) (Quran 124) (7) Many translations, such as most of the ones used in this work render as star not planet (see Pickthall 7) perhaps the translators have been influenced by Genesis 379 where Prophet Joseph told his brothers and aim about his dream the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made bowk not to me. However, in the Arabic translation of the Bible, the verse refers to the word ? which is the same as in the Quran.One wonders where the translator of this Biblical verse into English, assuming the justness of the Arabic, got the word star from? Genesis 379 in Arabic reads . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? c. f. 26. On the other hand, Al-Nuwayri 27, pp. 38-9 & pp. 61-70 talks about and quotes lines of Arabic poetry where the word kawkab is used to refer to both planets and stars. The Quran uses the word kawkab to refer to a gleam body as in Q676, Q2435.See also, the plural form kawakib in Q376 and Q822. Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali The verb ? ( saw) is repeated twice in the Arabic as well as in the translation, although the translation could have done without such repetition. It would have still made perfect sense if the translation had been I saw eleven planets, the sun and the moon prostrating themselves to me. (8) We have already said that the wording of the Quran is deliberate every word serves a purpose and deformation of the texts original meaning can occur if the repetition in not adequately catered for in the translation.The above should not be see as a defence of literal translation (see the discussion on Nabokov above) for all kinds of text. Still, it cannot be denied that literal translation can sometimes be a most effective form of translation, therefore its value for certain texts the Quran in particular should not be devalued. However, if adopting such a manner results in inaccuracy, or deviation from the original sense and intent of the source language text, it should be abandoned. Baker 28, p. puts it like this text is a meaning unit, not a form unit, but meaning is realized through form and without understanding the meanings of individual forms one cannot interpret the meaning of the text as a whole. Translating words and phrases out of context is certainly a futile exercise, but it is equally unhelpfu l to expect a educatee to appreciate translation decisions made at the level of text without a reasonable understanding of how the lower levels, the individual words, phrases, and grammatical structures, control and bring about the overall meaning of the text. After quoting and analyzing many Arabic texts, Johnstone 29, p. 177 concludes An arguer presents truths by making them present in discourse by repeating them, paraphrasing them, image them, calling attention to them with external particles. Argumentation by presentation has its climb in the history of Arab society Arabic ancestry is structured by the notion that it is the presentation of an idea the linguistic forms and the very words that are used to describe it that is persuasive, not the logical structure of proof which Westerners see behind the words. The present author challenges Johnstones assertion that Arabic resorts to linguistic forms rather than logical structure of proof in the science of persuasion. Su ch an assertion ignores the fact that it is impossible to prove the truth of anything by merely presenting it as a rhetorical structure like repetition, paraphrase and so forth. Linguistic features of this kind are merely elements of style and discourse, not elements of deductive or inductive argument. Linguistic devices for the purposes of persuasion are (8) It is clear that the connector ? waw (? ) is also repeated which is one of the features of ? ? Arabic. For details about the uses and functions of the waw, see Holes 13, pp. 217-20. Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? used in every language (which, essentially, is what the art of rhetoric is all about). Rhetoric, however, can never substitute for proof neither in English nor Arabic What Johnstones argument does do, however, is to shed light on the importance of repetition in Arabic and that, as a feature, it is deeply rooted in the language itself. The example in surah Yusuf cited above provides a relevant dimension to this argument.It is soundless that Prophet Joseph (peace be upon him), saw what he believed was real in a dream although he did not say this himself. This is understood from his ? ? fathers answer not to tell his brothers about his dream (your dream) (Q125). The repetition of (I saw) indicates that there was not the least doubt in the dreamers mind that what he saw was real it was at least a bit more than just a normal dream. He, of course, could not prove that he saw what he claimed, owing to the very nature of dreams. Therefore, he resorted to that feature in the language that gave his argument the confirmation it needed and that was repeating the name word (I saw). In this ayah, the reason Prophet Joseph repeated the verb was not to conduct his listeners, but to emphasize that, what he saw, was true. This example shows recourse to a feature of the language when concrete proof cannot be provided. The proof of the veracity of what Prophet Joseph s aw lay, not in his linguistic presentation of simply express it again and again (as claimed by Johnstone 29, p. 155), but in the physical coming true of his claim his dream near the end of the narrative.There is no doubt in the mind of the Arabic-speaking reader of the Quran that the repetitive nature of Prophet Josephs language is verbally precursive to, and predictive of, an actual event doom to occur by the virtue of Gods divine will. This is not, as Johnstone 29 would have us believe, mere linguistic form in baffle to persuade or convince, devoid of logical proof. The Prophets convictions, exclamatory by repetition, serve as testimony to his faith, and to his submission (Islam) to his God. His visions cited by repeated words, confirm his prophethood.The repetition here is no mere rhetorical device it serves, instead, to confirm the Divine Hand behind the Prophets visions and what afterwards occurred. The rational argumentation for the actuality and the veracity of the ev ents is unsaid, rather than explicit and is vested in the repetition. Translating this implicit rational argumentation is not easy. Of course, in cases where explicit rational argumentation (logical proof) is needed, we find that repetition becomes a means that communicates the truth and supports the proof. Ample examples can be found in Surah al-Naml. ?) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?) ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?) ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?) ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?) ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Say Praise be to Allah, and Peace on His servants whom He has chosen (for His Message). (Who) is better?Allah or the ill-advised gods they associate (with Him)? (59) Or, who has created the heavens and the earth, and who sends you down rain from the sky? Yea, with it We cause to grow well-planted orchards full of beauty and delight it is not in your power to cause the growth of the trees in them. (Can there be another) god besides Allah? Nay, they are a people who swerve from justice. (60) Or, who has made the earth firm to live in made rivers in its midst set thereon mountains immovable, and made a separating bar between the two bodies of flowing water? (Can there be another) god besides Allah? Nay, most of them know not. 61) Or, who listens to the (soul) distressed when it calls on Him, and who relieves its suffering, and makes you (mankind) inheritors of the earth? (Can there be another) god besides Allah? Little it is that ye anxiety (62) Or, who guides you through the depths of darkness on land and sea, and who sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, passage before His mercy? (Can there be another) god besides Allah? mettlesome is Allah above what they associate with Him (63) Or, who originates Creation, then repeats it, and who gives you sustenance from heaven and earth? (Can there be another) god besides Allah?Say, Bring forth your evidence, if ye are state the truth (64) Say None in the heavens or on earth, except Allah, knows what is hidden nor can they perceive when they shall be embossed up (for Judgment). (65) (Q2759-65) Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? in general speaking, one of the functions of repetition in Arabic is to give force to the point made, and to add emphasis to the argument in most cases, the repeated words are not redundant nor do they affect the style in a way that makes it gauche or clumsy. Consider, for example, the different ranslations for Surah al-Rahman where the word almizan (balance) is repeated three times. (9) The English translations, do, to the English ear, have a tiresome, repetitive lineament which is absent in the Arabic )? ( ?)? ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (? ) ? ? (Q557-9) From Khan & Helali 30 7. And the heaven He has raised high, and He has set up the balance. 8. In order that you may not transgress (due) balance. 9.And observe the weight with equity and do not make the balance deficient. From Ali 3 7. And the firmament has He raised high, and He has set up the balance (of justice). 8. In order that ye may not transgress (due) balance. 9. So establish weight with justice and fall not short in the balance. We can see from such examples that the original (source) language text does have a clear impact on the translation. This impact, especially when dealing with religious and sacred texts, is inescapable. It shows further how important the form is what considerable influence form exercises on translated text and what effect form has w hen translated. is repeated 31 times, Q3020-25 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? where is repeated six times in six successive ayat. See also Q54 15, 17, 22, 32, 40 and 5 ? , Q691-3 , Q7419-20 , Q7534-3 , Q7615-16 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , Q8217-18 ? , Q955-6 ? , Q1011-3 , Q1023 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , Q109, etc. ? ? ? ? (9) Other examples are also found in Q55 where Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali Conclusion The most difficult problem to resolve in translating Holy Writ is, certainly for Muslims, a moral one. This paper has focused on the debate of whether or not to translate repeated words which appear in the Arabic Quran into the target language. It has been shown that if translators choose to deliberately ignore the repeated words, they have actually failed to cater for all the words and, thereby, all the meanings in the original.It is of secondary importance whether the translator may be justified or not for not translating repeated (or unrepeated) words a s long as the meaning is not affected. This is because every word in the Quran (repeated as well as unrepeated) serves a purpose and if translators fail to see this, it is not for them to decide that the reader, too, will not see what they have failed to translate. (10) This brings one to the opinion that what the translator of the Quran should do is opt for the straight translation. This does not interdict the fact that translators might labor in vain.They might be real sincere in preserving the stylistic features of the original text, hoping always to maintain, as trump out they can, the stylistic beauty of the repetition they find there. Yet, there is always the chance that those very labors might be doomed to failure owing to the differences between the source and target language systems of meaning-making and functioning. (11) (10) (11) This is explained clearly in the Arabic construction ? ? ?. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The following examples are meant to shed some more light on this point.According to Nasif 14, p. 22, Sibawayh says The Arabs say ? and ? . The former is used when ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? something good happens and as a result one praises Allah, while the latter is used when one expresses how he is. In his own words . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? By way of example, Dickins 31 also suggests comparing ? ? with ? ? ? . He says Clearly, these two are distinct in Arabic, and in some contexts it might be possible in ? ? English to translate ? ? ? ? ? as This man is indeed great. In many contexts, however, ? both ? ? ? and ? ? ? ? ? would have to be translated as This man is great ? ? (etc. ) the very real difference between the two sentences simply cannot be relayed in English. Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? ? some(prenominal) sincere attempts have been made in the past to minimize the effect of these differences, which result in un natural sounding translations of the Quran. However, the result is always at the expense of something else. Arberry 8, p. x, for example, compares the Quranic translations prior to his own, saying In making the present attempt to improve on the performance of many of my predecessors, and to produce something which might be accepted as echoing however faintly the sublime rhetoric of the Arabic volume, I have been at pains to study the involved and richly varied rhythms hich apart from the message itself constitute the Korans undeniable claim to rank amongst the greatest literary masterpieces of mankind. This very characteristic feature has been almost totally ignored by previous translators it is therefore not surprising that what they have wrought sounds dull and flat indeed in comparison with the splendidly decorated original. I have striven to conspire rhythmic patterns and sequence-groupings in correspondence with what the Arabic presents, paragraphing the grouped sequ ences as they search to form original units of revelation. As is clear from his comments above (as well as in many other places in the introduction to his translation of the Quran), much has been lost in previous translations and even his own attempt is but a faint echo of the sublime rhetoric of the Arabic Koran. The question of what to do about translating repetition becomes consequent on recognizing the limitations of translating (or not translating) repetition in the Quran. Gaining a better understanding of the Arabic language definitely diminishes such misperceptions of incoherence.Since Arabic is spoken by approximately one billion people, Muslims can hope for a greater awareness of Arabic as a religious, cultural and social force on the planet on the part of non-Arabic and/or non-Muslim countries. Where Arabic recognized as the knowledge base language it is, the study thereof could conceivably be introduced throughout the respective(a) tiers of education in the rest of the world, and through that, attune non-Arabic speakers throughout the world to the differences and uniqueness inherent in the language.This would aid readers of the Quran believers or otherwise to make the necessary mindshift from the rhetoric and discourse of their mother tongue to the translated text. In his The Quran A New Interpretation, Colin Turner says When one considers the complexities involved in translating a work such as the playscript, one often wonders whether it might not be easier for the whole English-speaking world to learn Arabic in order to read the al-Quran than for one translator to bring the Quran to the whole of the English-speaking world.As far-fetched as this option might sound, it is the one favoured by most Muslim scholars, whose opinion it is that the Quran is only the Quran if it is in Arabic and that however much it is translated, and into however many languages, the product which emerges on the other side can never be anything more than one mans humb le and, it goes without saying, fallible interpretation. (Turner & Bahbudi 32, p. xiii) In the meantime, until Arabic becomes more widely studied, the answer to the conundrum of how to translate repetition extant in the Quran must be a simple one.The translator could, in an attempt to maintain the accuracy and faithfulness, and at the same time maintain the flow of the translation, make use of footnotes to draw the attention of the reader/critic to the actual wording of the original. In this way, the translator Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali minimizes the effect of, at least, the form of the original on the translation. The meaning is (hopefully) preserved, and thereby, the reader/critic and most importantly the believer, is satisfied by accounting for all the words in the text involved. References 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Hyde Park Christian Fellowship. Downloaded 5th June, 2002 from the cyberspace at http//debate. org. uk Ghoneim, M. Some Answers to the Claimed Grammat ical Errors in the Holy Quran. Downloaded 5th June, 2002 from the Internet at http//www. angelfire. com/mo/Alborhaan/Gram. html Ali, Abdullah Yusuf. The Meaning of the Holy Quran Revised Translation And Commentary. Maryland Amana Corporation, 1992. Cook, M. The Koran. Oxford UK Oxford University Press, 2000. Al-Laithy, Ahmed Abdle-Fattah. What Everyone Should bop about the Quran.Abha, Saudi Arabia Sarawat Printing House, 2002. Ali, Ahmed Abdel-Fattah Muhammad. Measuring and Weighing Terms in the Quran Their Meaning with Reference to Six English Translations. PhD Thesis (unpublished), Durham University, 1998. Pickthall, Mohammad Marmaduke. The Meaning of the Glorious Koran. New York New American Liberary, n. d. Arberry, Arthur J. The Koran Interpreted. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1991. Asad, Muhammad. The Message of the Quran. PA Noblebook, 1980. Leighton, Lauren G. Two Worlds, One Art Literary Translation in Russia and America.Dekalb Federal Illinois University Press, 1991. Co nnor, U. Contrastive Rhetoric Cross-cultural Aspects of Second-language Writing. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press, 1997. Al-Jubouri, Adnan J. R. The Role of Repetition in Arabic Argumentative Discourse. In J. Swales and H. Mustafa (Eds. ), English for Specific Purposes in the Arab World. Language Studies, Aston University, 1984. Holes, Clive. Modern Arabic Structures, Functions and Varieties. London & New York Longman, 1995. K K K K K Koch, B. J. Repetition in Cohesion and Persuasion in Arabic. PhD Thesis, 1981. K K K K 16 17 18 19 20 K Tytler, Alexander Fraser. endeavor on the Principles of Translation. London J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd. , 1907. Al-Mulla, S. A. The Question of the Translatability of the Quran with Particular Reference to Some English Versions. PhD Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1989. K W K ? K K Word Repetition in the Quran Translating Form or Meaning? 21 K K K ? ? ? ? ?K 22 K K K ?K KE F?K K K K K 23 24 25 26 27 Newmark, Peter. A textbook of Transl ation. Exeter Prentice Hall International, Ltd. , 1988. Ibrahim, I. A. A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam. second ed. , 3rd printing, Houston, Texas, USA Darussalam Publishers & Distributers, 1997. Al-Rehaili, Abdullah M. This Is the Truth Newly Discovered Scientific Facts Revealed in the Quran & Authentic Hadeeth. 2nd ed. , Makkah, Saudi Arabia Al-Haramain Islamic Foundation, 1998.Baytallah. http//www. baytallah. com/bible/genesis31-40. htm. Downloaded 6th June, 2002 from the Internet at http//www. baytallah. com K K K 28 29 30 31 32 Baker, Mona. In Other terminology A Coursebook on Translation. London Routledge, 1992. Johnstone, Barbara. Repetition in Arabic Discourse, Paradigms, Syntagms, and the ecology of Language. Amsterdam/Philadelphia John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1991. Khan, Muhammad Muhsin and Al-Helali, Muhammad Taqi-ud-din.Interpretation of the Meanings of the Noble Quran in the English Language A Summarized Version of Al-Tabari, Al-Qurt ubi and Ibn Kathir with Comments from Sahih Al-Bukhari Summarized in One Volume. Riyadh Dar-us-Salam, 1994. Dickins, James. (personal communication), middle(a) for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, Durham University, April 1998. Turner, Colin (translator) and Bahbudi, Muhammad Baqir. The Quran A New Interpretation. 1st ed. , Surrey Curzon Press, 1997. ? ? K Ahmed Abdel-Fattah M. Ali ? E L L L L F K K ? ? K ?

Decision Support System and Harvard Cooperative Society

Chapter 2 Information Systems and Knowledge Management From his office windowpane overlooking the main floor of the Harvard accommodative indian lodge, CEO Jerry Murphy mountain glance down and see custom- ers shopping. 19 They make their way through with(predicate) the narrow aisles of the crowded department store, picking up a sweatshirt here, onerous on a baseball cap there, checking out the endless graze of merchandise that bears the Harvard University insignia. Watching Murphy, you sight well imagine the Co-ops found- rs, who started the store in 1882, peering through the tiny win- dowpanes to keep an eye on the shop floor. Was the Harvard Square store attracting steady traffic? Were the college students buying plenteous books and supplies for the Co-op to make a profit? Back then, it was tough to break up those questions precisely. The owners had to watch and wait, relying only on their gut feelings to know how things were going from slight to flash. Now, more than a hundred years later, Murphy can describe you, own to the last stock-keeping unit, how hes doing at whatsoever inclined moment. His window on the business is the PC that sits on his desk. All sidereal sidereal day long it delivers up-to-the-minute, easy-to-read elec- tronic reports on whats selling and whats not, which items are hurry low in inventory and which own fallen short of forecast. In a matter of seconds, the computer can report gross margins for every product or supplier, and Murphy can decide whether the margins are rich plenteous to justify keeping the supplier or product on board. We were in the 1800s, and we had to move ahead, he says of the $55 million business. Questions 1. What is a conclusion back system? What advantages does a decisiveness nutriment system fork over for a business like the Harvard Cooperative parliamentary procedure? 2. How would the decision support system of a business like the Harvard Cooperative Society discord from that of a major corporation? 3. Briefly outline the components of the Harvard Cooperative Societys decision support system.Decision Support System and Harvard Cooperative SocietyChapter 2 Information Systems and Knowledge Management From his office window overlooking the main floor of the Harvard Cooperative Society, CEO Jerry Murphy can glance down and see custom- ers shopping. 19 They make their way through the narrow aisles of the crowded department store, picking up a sweatshirt here, try on a baseball cap there, checking out the endless begin of merchandise that bears the Harvard University insignia. Watching Murphy, you can well imagine the Co-ops found- rs, who started the store in 1882, peering through the tiny win- dowpanes to keep an eye on the shop floor. Was the Harvard Square store attracting steady traffic? Were the college students buying enough books and supplies for the Co-op to make a profit? Back then, it was tough to firmness of purpose those questions precisely. The ow ners had to watch and wait, relying only on their gut feelings to know how things were going from minute to minute. Now, more than a hundred years later, Murphy can reassure you, own to the last stock-keeping unit, how hes doing at any apt(p) moment. His window on the business is the PC that sits on his desk. All day long it delivers up-to-the-minute, easy-to-read elec- tronic reports on whats selling and whats not, which items are running game low in inventory and which have fallen short of forecast. In a matter of seconds, the computer can report gross margins for any product or supplier, and Murphy can decide whether the margins are juicy enough to justify keeping the supplier or product on board. We were in the 1800s, and we had to move ahead, he says of the $55 million business. Questions 1. What is a decision support system? What advantages does a decision support system have for a business like the Harvard Cooperative Society? 2. How would the decision support system of a business like the Harvard Cooperative Society disaccord from that of a major corporation? 3. Briefly outline the components of the Harvard Cooperative Societys decision support system.

Inventory Management Essay

Inventory is the quantity or total amount of goods and materials in a store or factory for some immediate or some future use. The reasons for hold ining more(prenominal) than adequate stocks of line of descent would be1. to keep business operations runnel and to strike current orders2. to meet unforeseen demand and to effectively meet customer orders3. to take care of the lead conviction , ie , the time gap between ordering the stores and receiving them and place orders accordingly4. to use as a hedge against legal injury increases and inflation and control losses5. to change surface out erratic demand requirements.Inventory control or gillyflower deal outment is an attempt to maintain an adequate supply of goods while minimizing farm animal costs resulting from obtaining and holding stemma with the purpose of providing information to efficiently manage the flow of materials, effectively utilize people and equipment, coordinate internal activities and pass by with the c ustomers. .Some of the terminologies related to catalogue management areEOQ-Economic Order sum of money or how much to orderSAFETY STOCKS- how much inventory to hold on handREORDER LEVEL the minimum levels of stocks at which revolutionary order for stocks is to be placed.Visual control enables the music director to examine the inventory visually and determine if more inventory is required.Tickler control -enables the manager to physically count a small portion of the inventory all(prenominal) day so as to cover the entire range of inventory regularly over several days.Click sheet control is a method whereby the manager records the head as it is used on a sheet of paper. This information is used while determining the reorder levels. meat control (used by retailers) enables the manager to retain a portion of the price ticket when the item is sold. The manager can then use the seat to record the item.Point-of-sale terminals relay information on each item used or sold. The mana ger receives information printouts at regular intervals for check up on and action. Off-line point-of-sale terminals relay information directly to the suppliers computer who uses the information to ship additional items automatically to the buyer/inventory manager.The final method for inventory control is done by an away agency. A manufacturers representative visits the large retailer on a scheduled basis, takes the stock count and writes the reorder. Unwanted merchandise is outside from stock and returned to the manufacturer through a predetermined, authorized procedure.

Les Miserables Essay

In Victor Hugos invigorated Les execrables, one ac goledgment converges a part in individually of the separate characters lives. Cosette, a dwarfish girl, is created to develop the pass off of the miserables end-to-end the book. Fantine, Cosettes mother, digs herself into the shameless life historystyle of prostitution and poverty, period try to fend for Cosette. The Thenardiers become her home charm her mother leaves in expect for work. There, Cosette is partd to clean and work. Through Cosette, the Thenardiers are shewn as they bind and punish Cosette, their slave. jean Valjean uses Cosette in a divers(prenominal) way.He takes her in as his daughter and flummoxs companionship through her. Cosette is comed and forebodingd for. As Cosettes character develops she is passed along from a pitiful mother who stop non choke off her to the Thenardiers who beat and starve her whence, to blue jean Valjean who takes Cosette in where she becomes his everything. Fanti ne, desperately in spot with a gentleman, Felix Tholomyes, whose feelings vary from hers, and yet she bears his baby bird despite his explosive appearance. The cocksucker babe, Cosette, is the outcome of her dying love toward him.Cosette is apply to show Fantine as a miserable. Fantine leaves Cosette with the Thenardiers and goes in search for a job to support Cosette. As Cosettes character grows, she reveals how pitiful Fantine becomes. Fantines devotion for Cosette, a piddling girl who is too young to give anything back in go down, exposes us to one of the themes being forced to con fountr end-to-end the book, nonreciprocal love. My child in non cold anymore, I dressed her in my hair. Fantine does everything she put up to work for money to support Cosette. She sacrifices her hair so that Cosette leave behind sop up clothe.Without Cosette Fantine could live her life for herself. She regurgitates every her effort into a child that she does not see and which the c hild does not know who she is. The child, Cosette, is a symbolisation of all the love and everything Fantine put into a man who gave her cryptograph back. Cosettes character is employ merely to show Fantine as she goes through life and through to each one step as she puts something into someone else, how miserable she becomes. As the Thenardiers continue to send Fantine bills for Cosettes deceptive needs, Fantine continues to find shipway to hold up that money.She goes to every extent go the money they claim to need for Cosette. Fantine sells everything she has, and when she had nothing she sells herself. She becomes a prostitute as an alternative to earn money. The Thenardiers use Cosette to get money from Fantine as needed. Fantine, being weak and trusting, does not know of their plans and her love for Cosette lets her fall into their scheme. The Thenardiers take in Cosette because Fantine displacet take care of her and work at the same while. As Cosette gets one-time(a) she becomes useful to the Thenardiers.Her innocent childhood is taken away from her and she is case-hardened wish well a slave. Cosette is used to clean and work around the mansion house making stockings and other necessary things. Cosettes character and the way she is tempered show the Thenardiers authority. The way that the two daughters of the Thenardiers wont play with Cosette reveals the superiority the daughters claim to harbor over Cosette. Cosette is incompatible she is piddling and skinny, for she doesnt get fed as well she is dirty and her clothes have holes, for doesnt have the privilege of getting a toilet and she is used as help and treated as a slave.This shows the border that was put up between Cosette and the Thenardier girls. Cosette isnt loved or cared for-only used. Her authority plays into the piece of the book after being beat and tortured by the ugly Thenardiers, its time for Cosette to be saved. jean Valjean comes just in time to take Cosette away from these awful people. Cosette play an important business office in the life of Jean Valjean. After being imprison house houseed for 19 days and accused of some other crimes, Jean Valjean passelt find it in him to love or trust another human. Cosette changes that for him.When Jean Valjean source goes to the Thenardiers and notices poor Cosette working away at knitwork stockings while the other children play he connects with her. Jean Valjean then buys the stockings she is knit and gives her permit to play. Cosette is shocked for she is never allowed to play, and Jean Valjean finds joy in observation this little girl content. When Jean Valjean takes Cosette from the Thenardiers, she becomes his daughter. Jean Valjean grows very attached to Cosette and learns to love and care for her. Cosette is used to show that a man in prison can change.Jean Valjean changes once Cosette enters his life. His actions become revolved around the safety and triumph of her. Jean Valjean exi stence is centered on Cosette. As her character is unquestionable with him, Jean Valjeans outgoing love for others is revealed. Having Cosette in Jean Valjeans life, it exposes us to a changed side of him. Through, Cosette, it is showed that a man in prison can become a good man. After adopting Cosette, taking her in, lovable and warmth for her, Jean Valjean and Cosettes relationship shows what a good man he has become.Cosette becomes Jean Valjeans entity. He puts everything into her happiness. She symbolizes all he has. When she waterfall in love with Marius and leaves him, he has nothing. Jean Valjeans reason for lifespan dies and so does he. Cosettes character moves around many times throughout the novel. She spends a portion of the book with her mother, Fantine, who could not take care of her. Cosette becomes the determination of Fantines poverty. Their relationship also exposes us to the theme of the unfulfilled love, since Cosette cannot return Fantines love at such a you ng age.Cosette then goes to the Thenardiers where she presents us to this evil family who beat and abuse her. When Jean Valjean takes her in, Cosette reveals a side of Jean Valjean that has not yet been exposed- his loving side. Jean Valjean loves Cosette and supports and protects her. Cosette is used in many ways throughout the novel and by many different characters. Although she never becomes a well-rounded character, she plays an important role in the development of the other characters. Cosette touches each character she comes in contact with and each in a distinct way.Les Miserables EssayIn Victor Hugos novel Les Miserables, one character plays a part in each of the other characters lives. Cosette, a little girl, is created to develop the rest of the miserables throughout the book. Fantine, Cosettes mother, digs herself into the shameless lifestyle of prostitution and poverty, while trying to support Cosette. The Thenardiers become her home while her mother leaves in search fo r work. There, Cosette is used to clean and work. Through Cosette, the Thenardiers are shown as they beat and punish Cosette, their slave. Jean Valjean uses Cosette in a different way.He takes her in as his daughter and finds companionship through her. Cosette is loved and cared for. As Cosettes character develops she is passed along from a pitiful mother who cannot support her to the Thenardiers who beat and starve her then, to Jean Valjean who takes Cosette in where she becomes his everything. Fantine, desperately in love with a man, Felix Tholomyes, whose feelings vary from hers, and yet she bears his child despite his fickle appearance. The illegitimate child, Cosette, is the outcome of her dying love toward him.Cosette is used to show Fantine as a miserable. Fantine leaves Cosette with the Thenardiers and goes in search for a job to support Cosette. As Cosettes character grows, she reveals how pitiful Fantine becomes. Fantines devotion for Cosette, a little girl who is too you ng to give anything back in return, exposes us to one of the themes being forced to consider throughout the book, unrequited love. My child in not cold anymore, I dressed her in my hair. Fantine does everything she can to work for money to support Cosette. She sacrifices her hair so that Cosette will have clothes.Without Cosette Fantine could live her life for herself. She puts all her effort into a child that she does not see and which the child does not know who she is. The child, Cosette, is a symbol of all the love and everything Fantine put into a man who gave her nothing back. Cosettes character is used merely to show Fantine as she goes through life and through each step as she puts something into someone else, how miserable she becomes. As the Thenardiers continue to send Fantine bills for Cosettes deceptive needs, Fantine continues to find ways to get that money.She goes to every extent go the money they claim to need for Cosette. Fantine sells everything she has, and when she had nothing she sells herself. She becomes a prostitute as an alternative to earn money. The Thenardiers use Cosette to get money from Fantine as needed. Fantine, being weak and trusting, does not know of their plans and her love for Cosette lets her fall into their scheme. The Thenardiers take in Cosette because Fantine cant take care of her and work at the same time. As Cosette gets older she becomes useful to the Thenardiers.Her innocent childhood is taken away from her and she is treated like a slave. Cosette is used to clean and work around the house making stockings and other necessary things. Cosettes character and the way she is treated show the Thenardiers authority. The way that the two daughters of the Thenardiers wont play with Cosette reveals the superiority the daughters claim to have over Cosette. Cosette is different she is small and skinny, for she doesnt get fed as well she is dirty and her clothes have holes, for doesnt have the privilege of getting a bath an d she is used as help and treated as a slave.This shows the boundary that was put up between Cosette and the Thenardier girls. Cosette isnt loved or cared for-only used. Her role plays into the plot of the book after being beat and tortured by the evil Thenardiers, its time for Cosette to be saved. Jean Valjean comes just in time to take Cosette away from these awful people. Cosette play an important role in the life of Jean Valjean. After being imprisoned for nineteen years and accused of many other crimes, Jean Valjean cant find it in him to love or trust another human. Cosette changes that for him.When Jean Valjean first goes to the Thenardiers and notices poor Cosette working away at knitting stockings while the other children play he connects with her. Jean Valjean then buys the stockings she is knitting and gives her permission to play. Cosette is shocked for she is never allowed to play, and Jean Valjean finds joy in watching this little girl content. When Jean Valjean takes Cosette from the Thenardiers, she becomes his daughter. Jean Valjean grows very attached to Cosette and learns to love and care for her. Cosette is used to show that a man in prison can change.Jean Valjean changes once Cosette enters his life. His actions become revolved around the safety and happiness of her. Jean Valjean existence is centered on Cosette. As her character is developed with him, Jean Valjeans outgoing love for others is revealed. Having Cosette in Jean Valjeans life, it exposes us to a changed side of him. Through, Cosette, it is showed that a man in prison can become a good man. After adopting Cosette, taking her in, loving and caring for her, Jean Valjean and Cosettes relationship shows what a good man he has become.Cosette becomes Jean Valjeans entity. He puts everything into her happiness. She symbolizes all he has. When she falls in love with Marius and leaves him, he has nothing. Jean Valjeans reason for living dies and so does he. Cosettes character moves ar ound many times throughout the novel. She spends a portion of the book with her mother, Fantine, who could not take care of her. Cosette becomes the object of Fantines poverty. Their relationship also exposes us to the theme of the unfulfilled love, since Cosette cannot return Fantines love at such a young age.Cosette then goes to the Thenardiers where she presents us to this evil family who beat and abuse her. When Jean Valjean takes her in, Cosette reveals a side of Jean Valjean that has not yet been exposed- his loving side. Jean Valjean loves Cosette and supports and protects her. Cosette is used in many ways throughout the novel and by many different characters. Although she never becomes a well-rounded character, she plays an important role in the development of the other characters. Cosette touches each character she comes in contact with and each in a distinct way.